2024
Solids segregation studies: The solids dispenser on the top of the fluidized bed reactor was a LAMBDA DOSER 3L that added continuous solid at a speed of up to 13.7 g/min.
Ciércoles, R., Lasobras, J., Soler, J., Herguido, J., & Menéndez, M. (2024). A Preliminary Assessment of Sorption Enhanced Methanol Synthesis in a Fluidized Bed Reactor with Selective Addition/Removal of the Sorbent. Removal of the Sorbent.
https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4735903
Before starting pyrolysis, 6 g materials were mixed evenly and added to the feeder LAMBDA DOSER 0.2L
Wang, X., Peng, Y., Zhou, R., Fan, L., Zhang, Q., Cui, X., Wu, Q., Zeng, W., Tian, X., Ke, L., Ruan, R., & Wang, Y. (2024). Production of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from microwave co-pyrolysis of polyethylene terephthalate and low-density polyethylene using coconut husk carbon as microwave absorbent. Chemical Engineering Journal, 150732.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2024.150732
Study about the significance of feedstock characteristics (moisture, volatile matter, fixed carbon and ash contents) during the particle feeding stage for downdraft gasification of biomass waste: Lambda powder dosing equipment (LAMBDA DOSER 0.2L) was used for particle feeding (date palm waste, olive pomace, sewage sludge) and gasifier flow rate, power rating & storage time were tested.
Khan, S., Adeyemi, I., Moustakas, K., & Janajreh, I. (2024). Investigating the characteristics of biomass wastes via particle feeder in downdraft gasifier. Environmental Research, 118597.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2024.118597
2023
The automatic dosing equipment LAMBDA DOSER was used to feed continuously 70 % – 80 % of Al2O3 required for theoretical 100 % current efficiency. The system limites due to critical clogging in the alumina feeding channel were reached in some cases after 6 to 10 h.
Singh, K., Gunnarsson, G., Magnusson, J. H., Haarberg, G. M., & Saevarsdottir, G. (2023). Performance Evaluation of Low-Temperature KF-NaF-AlF3 Electrolytes for Aluminum Electrolysis Using Vertical Inert Cu–Ni–Fe Alloy Anodes. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 170(11), 113507.
https://doi.org/10.1149/1945-7111/ad0bae
Batería de iones de litio: Alimentación de polvo precursor (Silicio y ferroceno [Fe(C5H5)2]; 1 g/min) en una columna de plasma de onda superficial sostenida (SWS) (temperatura del núcleo >4000 K)
Jie, Z., Zhang, Z., Bai, X., Ma, W., Zhao, X., Chen, Q. & Zhang, G. (2023). Surface-wave-sustained plasma synthesis of graphene@Fe–Si nanoparticles for lithium-ion battery anodes. Appl. Phys. Lett. 11 September 2023; 123 (11): 113902.
https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0159269
2022
The sample of HDPE granules was placed in the glass granule doser (LAMBDA DOSER 1L)
Dai, L., Zhou, N., Lv, Y., Cobb, K., Chen, P., Wang, Y., Liu, Y., Zou, R., Lei, H., Mohamed, B. A., Ruan, R., & Cheng, Y. (2022). Catalytic reforming of polyethylene pyrolysis vapors to naphtha range hydrocarbons with low aromatic content over a high silica ZSM-5 zeolite. Science of The Total Environment, 847, 157658.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157658
Experimental channel for magnetic particles separation: In the first step, the fly ash was dosed by a LAMBDA dosing system with 1L vessel (mounted above a tray in the middle of the cross-section of the channel) into the horizontal channel and got dispersed by compressed air (3 bar) flowing from a flat nozzle onto the tray.
Czech, T. (2022). Morphology and chemical composition of magnetic particles separated from coal fly ash. Materials, 15(2), 528.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15020528
Dosificación de polvo de Al2O3 y otras partículas secas tamizadas en un generador de aerosol de circuito cerrado: Las partículas se dosificaron con un dosificador volumétrico de polvo LAMBDA DOSER 0.2L en una pieza en T de 1⁄4” donde el polvo fue recogido por una corriente de aire comprimido (5 L/min) y guiado como aerosol a través del chorro de la instalación.
Prüfert, C., Beitz, T., Reich, O. & Löhmannsröben, H.-G. (2022). Inline process analysis of copper-bearing aerosols using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy, laser-induced incandescence and optical imaging. Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy 197 (2022) 106527.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sab.2022.106527
Las partículas de carbón se introdujeron en el reactor con la bomba de polvo programable controlado por microprocesador LAMBDA Hi-DOSER situado encima del tubo del reactor y purgado con N2. La ventaja de este alimentador de polvo es que la cantidad de alimentación es relativamente uniforme, lo que evita la obstrucción del alimentador y la inestabilidad de la producción de gas.
Dai, T., Xu, C., Zhang, Q., Liu, X., Chang, Z. & Yang, Y. (2022). Experimental study of the solar-driven steam gasification of coal in an improved updraft combined drop-tube and fixed-bed reactor. Energy Conversion and Management, Volume 259,2022,115571,ISSN 0196-8904.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enconman.2022.115571
El calor de disolución integral de la neutralización ácido-base se midió en un reactor agitado utilizando un calorímetro de reacción (RC1e, Mettler Toledo Ltd.) mientras el LAMBDA DOSER alimentaba continuamente ácido o base como sólidos: 23.6 g/min ácido cítrico; 30 g/min NaOH; 21 g/min NaOH; 14.8 g/min NaOH; 7.2 g/min NaOH
Ran, Z., Ni, L., Pan, Y., Chen, Y., Wang, J., Jiang, J. & Shu, C-M. (2022). Safety Criteria for Solid–Liquid Heterogeneous Systems in Semibatch Reactors. ACS Omega 2022 7 (24), 21207-21219
https://doi.org/10.1021/acsomega.2c02139
The iron ore charging rate is directly adjusted via the powder-dosing instrument.
Zarl, M. A., Ernst, D., Cejka, J., & Schenk, J. (2022). A New Methodological Approach to the Characterization of Optimal Charging Rates at the Hydrogen Plasma Smelting Reduction Process Part 1: Method. Materials, 15(14), 4767.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15144767
Dosing of Carajas iron ore.
Ernst, D., Zarl, M. A., Cejka, J., & Schenk, J. (2022). A New Methodological Approach on the Characterization of Optimal Charging Rates at the Hydrogen Plasma Smelting Reduction Process Part 2: Results. Materials, 15(12), 4065.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ma15124065
Montaje experimental de la pirólisis catalítica: Un alimentador programable (LAMBDA DOSER 1L) dispensó gránulos de plástico, normalmente a una velocidad de alimentación de 120 g/h, en el reactor aquartz, que contenía 1 kg de bolas de carburo de silicio de 8 mm. El lecho de bolas se calentó y se mantuvo a 500 °C durante todas las pruebas de este estudio mediante un sistema programable de calentamiento por microondas.
Zhou, N., Dai, L., Lyu, Y., Wang, Y., Li, H., Cobb, K., Chen, P., Lei, H. & Ruan, R. (2022). A structured catalyst of ZSM-5/SiC foam for chemical recycling of waste plastics via catalytic pyrolysis. Chemical Engineering Journal, Volume 440, 2022, 135836, ISSN 1385-8947.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2022.135836
2021
Semibatch reaction crystallization study: The solid was dispensed by a LAMBDA DOSER 0.2L and a slow stream of pressurised air was vented through the solid-doser. Three solids were utilized for dosing: CL-20 (150 μm), fine HMX (5 μm) and coarse HMX (300 μm). By mixing the utilised HMX coarse to fine at 5:1, reproducible dispensing was achieved.
Herrmannsdörfer, D., & Klapötke, T. M. (2021). Semibatch reaction crystallization for scaled-up production of high-quality CL-20/HMX cocrystal: efficient because of solid dosing. Crystal growth & design, 21(3), 1708-1717.
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.cgd.0c01611
Solid dosing: A mixture of 90 g CL-20 (205mmol), 25 g coarse HMX (84mmol) and 5 g fine HMX (17mmol) was dispensed by a LAMBDA DOSER 0.2L. A slow stream of pressurised air was vented through the solid doser to prevent cementation of the solid due to acetonitrile vapours.
Herrmannsdörfer, D., & Klapötke, T. M. (2021). Quality Assessment of the CL‐20/HMX Cocrystal Utilising Digital Image Processing. Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics, 46(4), 522-529.
https://doi.org/10.1002/prep.202000341
Experimental design for NOx conversion, comprising a vertically-entrained reactor and gas monitoring systems: A calibrated electronic powder doser (Lambda Laboratory Instruments) feeds the recycled plastic (cryogenically pulverised, 150–355 μm) at a constant low feeding rate of 7 mg/min, through a water-cooled probe, into a quartz reactor housed in an electrically heated three-zone furnace.
Oluwoye, I., Zeng, Z., Mosallanejad, S., Altarawneh, M., Gore, J., & Dlugogorski, B. Z. (2021). Controlling NOx emission from boilers using waste polyethylene as reburning fuel. Chemical Engineering Journal, 411, 128427.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2021.128427
Iron ore and lime feeding system: Continuous loading is carried out using a LAMBDA DOSER 0.2L powder feeding system. The finest ore had strong adhesive properties and strongly caused bridging, which was partially prevented by preheating in a drying oven at 120 °C.
Cejka, J. (2021). Parameterevaluierung für den kontinuierlichen Chargiervorgang von Eisenerzen und Zuschlägen im Wasserstoff-Plasma-Schmelzreduktionsprozess. Masterarbeit, Montan Universität Loeben.
https://pureadmin.unileoben.ac.at/ws/files/7814331/AC16360490.pdf (2024 April 02)
Determinación de la solubilidad del ácido itacónico dosificado con un alimentador de sólidos LAMBDA DOSER 0.2L controlado por PLS
Holtz, A., Görtz, J., Kocks, C., Junker, M., & Jupke, A. (2021). Automated measurement of pH-dependent solid-liquid equilibria of itaconic acid and protocatechuic acid. Fluid Phase Equilibria, 532, 112893.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fluid.2020.112893
2020
Plasma production of nanomaterials: Powdered precursors are introduced with a gravity-fed rotary powder feeder LAMBDA DOSER which is connected to the inlet of the work tube.
Graves, B., Engelke, S., Jo, C., Baldovi, H. G., De la Verpilliere, J., De Volder, M., & Boies, A. (2020). Plasma production of nanomaterials for energy storage: continuous gas-phase synthesis of metal oxide CNT materials via a microwave plasma. Nanoscale, 12(8), 5196-5208.
https://doi.org/10.1039/C9NR08886E
https://www.rsc.org/suppdata/c9/nr/c9nr08886e/c9nr08886e1.pdf (2024 April 02)
Scale-up of Dakin–West procedure using glutamic acid at 100 gram scale conducted in an automated setup with a LAMBDA solid DOSER
Würdemann, M. A., Niţu, C., De Wildeman, S. M., Bernaerts, K. V., & Orru, R. V. (2020). The Forgotten Pyrazines: Exploring the Dakin–West Reaction. Chemistry–A European Journal, 26(36), 8090-8100.
https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.202000475
Iron ore and lime feeding system: LAMBDA Hi-DOSER 1L powder dosing instrument manufactured by LAMBDA Laboratory Instruments, was used to charge the mixture of iron ore and additives fines continuously into the steel crucible during the test runs.
Naseri Seftejani, M. (2020). Reduction of hematite using hydrogen plasma smelting reduction (Doctoral Thesis, Montanuniversitaet Leoben).
https://pure.unileoben.ac.at/en/publications/reduction-of-hematite-using-hydrogen-plasma-smelting-reduction (2024 Feb. 26)
Laboratory Equipment for the hydrogen plasma smelting reduction (HPSR) process: The powder dosing system LAMBDA Hi-DOSER 0.2L was used to introduce continuous ~3 g/min Carajas hematite iron ore with the gas (40 % hydrogen in argon) through the hollow graphite electrode (HGE, inner diameter 5 mm).
Zarl, M. A., Farkas, M. A., & Schenk, J. (2020). A study on the stability fields of arc plasma in the HPSR process. Metals, 10(10), 1394.
https://doi.org/10.3390/met10101394
El alimentador (LAMBDA DOSER) se colocó en la parte superior del DTF para alimentar de forma continua y uniforme el carbón pulverizado con un caudal de 0.6 a 0.7 g/min. Se pretende investigar el comportamiento de hidropirólisis del carbón bituminoso pulverizado en un horno de tubo de gota (DTF) con una temperatura de 800-1000 °C.
Gao, R., Dou, B., Chang, Q., Xu, J., Dai, Z., Yu, G., & Wang, F. (2020). Effect of temperature and hydrogen on product distribution and evolution of char structure during pyrolysis of bituminous coal in a drop tube furnace. Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Coal Gasification, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, PR China.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2020.117078
El sistema de alimentación de polvo sólido (LAMBDA Hi-DOSER 1L) se utilizó para alimentar el mineral de hierro premezclado y la cal de forma continua en la zona del arco de plasma durante la operación del arco.
Seftejani, M. N., Schenk, J., Spreitzer, D., & Zarl, M. A. (2020). Slag Formation during Reduction of Iron Oxide Using Hydrogen Plasma Smelting Reduction. Materials 2020, 13, 935;
https://doi.org/10.3390/ma13040935
2019
Preparation and dosage of alumina feed: To remove any moisture, the alumina was kept in an oven at 300 °C overnight and then stored in a desiccator until electrolysis testing. A LAMBDA DOSER was used for the continuous feed of alumina (feed rates: 200 – 400 mg/min).
Medino, C. M. (2019). Improving current efficiency in low-temperature aluminum electrolysis with vertical inert electrodes (Doctoral dissertation).
URI: https://hdl.handle.net/1946/33817 (2024 Mar 27)
Fed-batch enzymatic hydrolysis was conducted in a bioreactor: The pretreated biomass feeding operation was controlled by a programmed LAMBDA DOSER. (Moisture content of substrate: 2.38 %)
Tai, C., & Keshwani, D. (2019). System for optimizing fed-batch hydrolysis of biomass. U.S. Patent No. 10,501,766. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office.
https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/a7/d9/fa/6c34de7d414bd1/US10501766.pdf (2024 April 02)
Alumina Feeding: During electrolysis, alumina (aluminum oxide) was continuously fed to the electrolyte with dosing equipment supplied by LAMBDA Laboratory Instruments. The LAMBDA DOSER was adjusted to continuously feed about 70 - 80% of the alumina needed to perform electrolysis at 100 % current efficiency.
Gunnarsson, G., Óskarsdóttir, G., Frostason, S., & Magnússon, J. H. (2019). Aluminum electrolysis with multiple vertical non-consumable electrodes in a low temperature electrolyte. In Light Metals 2019 (pp. 803-810). Springer International Publishing.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-05864-7_98
Configuración experimental: A) sistemas LAMBDA DOSER de alimentación de gas y sólidos; B) zona de reacción y horno eléctrico; C) sistema de detección óptica
Díaz, W., Toro, C., Balladares, E., Parra, V., Coelho, P., Reyes, G., & Parra, R. (2019). Spectral characterization of copper and iron sulfide combustion: A multivariate data analysis approach for mineral identification on the blend. Metals, 9(9), 1017.
https://doi.org/10.3390/met9091017
2018
Hybrid solar/autothermal gasifier: The SiC tube was fabricated with a 45˚ 16.7-mm diameter angled hole in the back to allow for a feedstock delivery from a gravity-driven particle feeder LAMBDA DOSER through an Al2O3 tube. The particle feeder was purged with Ar in the feedstock vessel and just below the feeder at a constant rate of 2 LN/min to prevent backflow of reacting gases. The feeder was calibrated with the purge Ar to a feeding rate of ~60 g/h. The feeding rates with 95 % confidence intervals were 57.5 ± 2.7 g/h for activated charcoal and 62.3 ± 8.81 g/h for lignite coal.
Muroyama, A. P., Guscetti, I., Schieber, G. L., Haussener, S., & Loutzenhiser, P. G. (2018). Design and demonstration of a prototype 1.5 kWth hybrid solar/autothermal steam gasifier. Fuel, 211, 331-340.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2017.09.059
2016
Desarrollo de sistemas de control de lógica difusa para el monitoreo y control de la alimentación en la hidrólisis enzimática de biomasa lignocelulósica (maíz).
Tai, C., Voltan, D. S., Keshwani, D. R., Meyer, G. E., & Kuhar, P. S. (2016). Fuzzy logic feedback control for fed-batch enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass. Bioprocess and biosystems engineering, 39, 937-944.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00449-016-1573-1
2015
Para controlar (sobre-secado a 60 %, contenido de humedad de 2.38 %) la operación de suministro de biomasa lignocelulósica para hidrólisis enzimáticas incrementadas.
Tai, C., Keshwani, D. R., Voltan, D. S., Kuhar, P. S., & Engel, A. J. (2015). Optimal control strategy for fed‐batch enzymatic hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass based on epidemic modeling. Biotechnology and bioengineering, 112(7), 1376-1382.
https://doi.org/10.1002/bit.25552
Pyrolysis and determination of kinetic parameters with LAMBDA DOSER 1L for powder feeding: The fluidization system fed the acid hydrolysis solid residue (AHR) from miscanthus at a substantially constant rate and without blocking. In some experiments, biomass suddenly fell into the reactor due to bridging and electrostatic agglomeration of the starting material. The agglomeration was easily destroyed by tapping on the glass vessel. The motor was set at 005 (near minimum) to achieve flow rates below 1 g/min at a gas flow of 8 L/min. Improvements are being considered to achieve different combinations of feed rate and gas flow with the aim of modifying the solids residence time and equivalence ratio for gasification.
Cortes Benitez, A. (2015). Thermal processing of miscanthus, sugarcane bagasse, sugarcane trash and their acid hydrolysis residues (Doctoral dissertation, Aston University).
https://publications.aston.ac.uk/id/eprint/25492/3/Thermal_processing_of_miscanthus_sugarcane_bagasse_sugarcane_trash_and_their_acid_hydrolysis_residues.pdf (2024 April 02)
Applicability study of melted inorganic salts in the pyrolysis process: The LAMBDA DOSER 0.2L dosing device was filled with the feed material, consisting of feedstock (beech wood chips, Virgen-PET or Organosolv lignin) and carbonate salt mixture (carbonate salt mixture of dried Li2CO3 (purum), Na2CO3 (Anhydrous, free -flowing, Redi-Dri™,ACS-reagent), K2CO3 (Anhydrous, free-flowing, Redi-Dri™,ACS-reagent) from Sigma-Aldrich Chemie GmbH) and flushed with nitrogen: 5 g of dried feed material were constantly feeded during 20 minutes into the reactor.
Nieberl, M. (2015). Parameterstudie zur thermochemischen Zersetzung organischer Materialien in geschmolzenen Salzen. Bachelor Thesis, Fraunhofer Institut für Chemische Technologie ICT, Pfinztal.
https://doi.org/10.24406/publica-fhg-282280 ,
https://publica-rest.fraunhofer.de/server/api/core/bitstreams/43fc3357-47ba-4bc4-a2d5-b6394d0131c0/content (2024 April 02),
see „Abbildung 3-1 Abbildung der Versuchsanlage“
2014
Partículas transparentes de vidrio y esféricas similares a gotitas de carburantes fueron introducidas a un canal, en cantidades establecidas, utilizando el dosificador de sólidos en polvo LAMBDA DOSER.
Bodoc, V., & Voicu, D. (2014, July). Experimental investigation of the infrared extinction limitations for vapor concentration measurement in a gas/particle flow. In 17th International Symposium on Applications of Laser Techniques to Fluid Mechanics.
HAL Id : hal-01079181 , version 1
https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01079181/document (2024 Feb 22)
Secado y tamizado de partículas de bagazo fueron adicionadas por un alimentador calibrado (LAMBDA DOSER) dentro de la cama de un reactor de tubo para gotas.
Krüsi, M. (2014). Heat transfer enhancement in a solar biomass gasifier. Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule ETH Zürich (Nr. 21821).
https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-a-010256755
2013
El reactor está equipado con el DOSIFICADOR DE POLVO LAMBDA para suministrar NaBH4 sólido de forma continua
Muir, Sean S. (2013). Sodium borohydride production and utilisation for improved hydrogen storage. PhD Thesis. Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland.
https://doi.org/10.14264/uql.2016.540
2012
Alimentación cloruro de cobre en un reactor de cuarzo para producir nanopartículas de carbón recubiertas de cobre por reducción en fase de vapor.
Eiroma, K., Forsman, J., Hult, E.-L., Auvinen, A., Sipiläinen-Malm, T., Alastalo, A., Tapper, U., Leppäniemi, J., Mattila, P., Lyyränen, J., Sarlin, J., Jokiniemi, J., & Mössmer, S. (2012). Water-Based Carbon-Coated Copper Nanoparticle-Fluid Formation of Conductive Layers at Low Temperature by Spin Coating and Inkjet Deposition. Journal of Imaging Science and Technology, 56(4), 40501-1-40501-10 (10).
https://doi.org/10.2352/J.ImagingSci.Technol.2012.56.4.040501
2011
LAMBDA Powder DOSER used as a particle feeder for Drop Tube Reactor (DTR)
Hampp, F., & Janajreh, I. (2011). Development of a drop tube reactor to test and assist a sustainable manufacturing process. In Advances in Sustainable Manufacturing: Proceedings of the 8th Global Conference on Sustainable Manufacturing (pp. 141-148). Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20183-7_21
Continuous feeding of Copper chloride powder on alumina (Al2O3) pellet bed within a quartz glass nanoparticle reactor to develop Carbon coated copper nanoparticle Inkjet Fluid
Eiroma, K., Auvinen, A., Forsman, J., Hult, E. L., Jokiniemi, J., Koskela, P., Sarlin, J., Sipiläinen-Malm, T., & Tapper, U. (2011, January). Development of conductive carbon coated copper nanoparticle inkjet fluid. In NIP & Digital Fabrication Conference (Vol. 2011, No. 2, pp. 458-461). Society for Imaging Science and Technology.
https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/doc_view/pid/d22f2a68bdaaa4054fc32e50d30afa87ef2c185c (2024 Feb. 22)
PDF: https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/document?repid=rep1&type=pdf&doi=d22f2a68bdaaa4054fc32e50d30afa87ef2c185c (2024 Feb. 22)
2007
Timed particle additions using LAMBDA Powder DOSER to study the fabrication and evaluation of the ferroelectric reinforced metal matrix composites (FR-MMCs)
Poquette, B. D. (2007). Understanding Ferroelastic Domain Reorientation as a Damping Mechanism in Ferroelectric Reinforced Metal Matrix Composites (Doctoral dissertation, Virginia Tech).
https://hdl.handle.net/10919/29169 (2024 Feb. 22)